The Age of Async Agents — Cognition's Walden Yan & OpenInspect's Cole Murray

Latent Space: The AI Engineer Podcast
28 May 2026 1h 8m
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Episode Description
The new AIEWF website is live! CFPs close in 2 days and we will run our first New Engineer Orientation this weekend, get your tickets booked ASAP as they -will- sell out. Take the AI Engineering Survey and get >$2k in credits and free AIE WF tickets!One of the central tensions in the agents industry is that even while there are major decacorn agent labs like Sierra, Decagon, Notion and Cursor being built up, it is also true that it has never been easier to DIY agents, with a plethora of agent fr

Summary

This episode features Walden Yan of Cognition and Cole Murray of OpenInspect, discussing the rapid evolution and increasing autonomy of background AI agents. They delve into the architectural decisions, such as in-box versus out-of-box agent harnesses, and the significant infrastructure challenges involved in building and deploying these systems. The conversation also covers the complexities of AI agent memory, multi-agent collaboration, maintaining code quality with AI, and the expanding use cases for cloud agents in SRE, product management, and customer support.

Chapters

Introduction to Guests and Agents ShiftThe hosts introduce Walden Yan from Cognition and Cole Murray from OpenInspect, setting the stage for a discussion on the shift towards autonomous background agents.
OpenInspect's Genesis and Open SourceCole Murray explains how OpenInspect originated from client frustrations with existing tools and his decision to open-source it due to the challenges of monetizing agent infrastructure.
Agent Infrastructure and Architectural ChoicesWalden Yan details Cognition's approach to agent infrastructure, emphasizing the separation of the agent's 'brain' from the machine and the difficulties in managing developer environments for agents.
In-Box vs. Out-of-Box Agent ArchitectureThe discussion explores the trade-offs between running an agent's harness inside or outside the sandbox, highlighting security, complexity, and state management considerations for each approach.
AI Testing, Evals, and GitHub IntegrationThe speakers differentiate between 'computer use' and the more complex problem of 'testing' for AI agents, stressing the importance of visual feedback and seamless integration into GitHub workflows.
Memory Management and Multi-Agent SystemsThe conversation addresses the challenges of AI agent memory, Cognition's 'Knowledge' system for learning user preferences, and the current state and future potential of multi-agent collaboration versus single-agent approaches.
Maintaining Code Quality with AI and InfraThe guests discuss the risk of AI-generated 'slop' in codebases, the necessity of human code review and linting, and deep infrastructure problems like slow file system operations that impact agent performance.
Evolving Use Cases for Cloud AgentsThe episode concludes by outlining common applications for cloud agents, including SRE auto-triage, non-engineer code contributions, and customer support, alongside the economic factors of using advanced AI models.

Topics

AI agentsBackground agentsCloud agentsAgent architectureContext engineeringDeveloper environmentsAI testingMulti-agent systemsMemory managementCode qualitySRE use casesAI infrastructureLLM behaviorOpen source

People

Walden Yan (guest) Cole Murray (guest) Dev (mentioned) Bob (mentioned) Wilson Lin (mentioned) Andrew (mentioned) Ryan LoPopulo (mentioned)
Key Concepts (16)
Context Engineering — A more thoughtful approach to building agents, seen as an upgrade from prompt engineering or model wrapping, focusing on how agents interact with their environment.
Background Agents — Autonomous agents that run in the cloud, performing tasks without constant human supervision, becoming practical with the increased capabilities of advanced language models.
In-Box Agent — An agent architecture where the agent's 'harness' or brain runs directly within the sandbox environment, simplifying state management but raising security concerns for secrets.
Out-of-Box Agent — An agent architecture where the agent's 'brain' runs externally in a control plane, using the sandbox as 'hands' to manipulate the environment, offering better security but increased architectural complexity.
Repo Setup — The challenging process of configuring an agent's working environment, including dependencies and credentials, to ensure it can operate effectively within a codebase.
Computer Use (AI) — The literal ability of an AI to interact with a graphical user interface, such as emitting coordinates to click a button.
Testing (AI Agents) — A complex problem for AI agents that involves orchestrating applications, triggering features, and reasoning through arbitrary changes across different parts of a codebase (front-end, back-end, services).
Memory (AI Agents) — The unsolved problem of how AI agents store, retrieve, and manage information over time, including user preferences, common patterns, and past interactions.
Knowledge (Cognition System) — Cognition's system for Devin to automatically learn and remember user-specific preferences and common patterns, reducing the need for explicit instruction.
Memory Pruning — The challenge of effectively managing the temporal aspect of AI agent memories, including editing, updating, and potentially forgetting ancient or irrelevant information.
Manager Sub-Agents — A multi-agent regime where a primary 'manager' agent delegates tasks to isolated 'sub-agents,' which is currently more practical than a swarm approach due to better control and conflict avoidance.
Swarm Agents — A concept involving multiple agents communicating and collaborating extensively, which can lead to chaotic outcomes in current implementations despite its theoretical appeal.
Slop Canon Approach — An approach to AI coding that aims to loosen the single agent's bottleneck by allowing more parallel and less constrained code generation, potentially sacrificing immediate code quality for speed.
Codebase Regression — The phenomenon where an AI agent, if not properly audited, can learn and perpetuate bad coding patterns from a codebase, leading to a decline in overall code quality.
Block Diff File Storage — A custom file system format developed by Cognition to enable rapid VM spin-up and spin-down by only saving and restoring the incremental differences in the file system.
Smart Friend — A hybrid system architecture that combines expensive, highly capable frontier models with faster, more efficient sub-frontier models to achieve a balance of performance and cost-effectiveness.
References (35)
Don't Build Multi Agents article
OpenInspect by Cole Murray project
Opus 4.5
GPT 5.2
Sonnet 3.7
Opus
GPT models
CloudWeb tool
OpenAI's Codex tool
RAMP blog post article
Superset tool
Conductor tool
OpenDebin project
All Hands project
Daytona company
E2B company
GitHub company
OpenAI company
Anthropic company
Docker Compose tool
Docker tool
Firecracker tool
4.7
Cursor company
DeepWookie project
Codex app tool
Git AI project
SemGrep tool
Claude 4.6
Postgres tool
Little Snitch tool
Windsurf project
Datadog tool
Sentry tool
Modal company
Transcript (117 segments)
Speaker 1

Alright. We're in the studio with Walden Yen, cofounder of Cognition, CPO. Yeah.

Which is cool title. Yes. And one Coiner of Context Engineering?

Speaker 2

Yes.

Speaker 1

maybe a more thoughtful way to build agents. Yeah. For those who haven't caught up on that, I have on screen the Don't Build Multi Agents post, which you should read on and we might refer to.

And Cole Murray, who created OpenInspect. Great to be here. Okay.

So let's talk about it. Everyone is building their own devins.

Speaker 3

What's going on? Yeah. So I think the engineering world is kind of waking up to this idea of background agents, cloud agents, whatever you'd like to call it.

And I think we saw a shift around the December time frame of 2025, where the models, Opus 4.5 and GPT 5.2, they reached a capability where we moved away from kind of hand holding the model and being able to actually more or less autonomously drive the model.

And what I mean by that is that we could pretty much go from a specification to a completed pull request, assuming the spec was good enough with very little friction. And that paradigm alone, I think, changed a lot of how we interact with agents and kind of opened this world where background agents became more practical.

Speaker 1

I think for for Call, everyone experienced this in December, but I feel like there was just this increasing ramp. Right? Like, there was this the moment, which was I think Sonnet three seven, where, like, you guys rewrote Devin in one night or Yes.

Yeah. Yeah.

Speaker 2

or, you know, how how it felt from your side. In retrospect, you know, we always thought it was ramping up, but then even now, over the last three, four months from today, we've this has been ramping up even faster. So it's it's almost funny to be talking about how, like, big of a leap Sonnet 3.

7 was and we honestly, a lot of it was stripping out parts of Devon that were no longer needed with that jump in intelligence. But I also just think that a lot of the recent leaps, especially, you you look at models like Opus and late stage GPT models, they are reaching levels of autonomy where people are actually fighting that they actually can't just be hands off. And people who were once debating, Oh, you know, do I need to be in the weeds with my model, in the IDE?

Can I just completely move it off into the cloud? That's more serious conversation and we've seen that in all of our growth charts. Internally, there's this funny graph where our usage has of PRs or our merged PRs has grown seven x since Yes.

I forgot what it I think Dev maybe tweeted that. Yeah. Yes.

It grew like seven x over like the last, I think it was like two months, three months, something like that. And then you see our engineering headcount growth, it's, like, gone up by, like, 10% or something. Like, we were we were afraid to release this.

Speaker 1

So this is Devin commit percentages on all Devin repos was 16% in January and now 80% in March.

Speaker 3

Yeah.

Speaker 2

like a it's a big shift right now. And so it makes sense that a lot of people are now thinking about, you know, buying Devon but also maybe like you're trying to build their own and there's lots of I have a lot of fun building Devon so I can see why other people would want to build their own Cloud Agents as well. And I believe it's good to hear like what what initially inspired you to try to build OpenInspect?

Speaker 3

Yeah. OpenInspect came about through primarily my clients observing how they were using tools like CloudWeb, OpenAI's Codex at the time, and seeing some of the friction that they were having with it. Primarily, the CloudWeb was being used through Slack.

And a big issue they ran into was that the sessions that were launched were specific to whoever called it via Slack. And so if a PM was the one who invoked the session, and they would then go to pass context engineering, engineering can't see the session. And that in itself was kind of a deal breaker because the PMs, hey, engineering, can you jump in?

But there's nothing to jump in on unless they're copy pasting out or, you know, the single response that came back. And so kind of seeing some of these problems, I had built a similar kind of architecture internally, just to experiment with, kind of test out different ideas as this trend of moving off of local host was starting to kind of become and as Ramp released their blog post, I had a lot of the pieces for this already in place. And just thought it would be kind of funny to see what Claude could do just purely from the blog post.

And on my ex account, there's actually kind of a a thread of where I live tweeted, like, going through this Oh, wow. Comparing GPT and Claude as both of them are going through it. Like, on the announcement thing or something else?

Right after it got released. Okay. We can put it in the show notes.

Okay. Got it. Yeah.

It was helpful that I had already kind of knew how to verify the system. I knew what I was looking for. I think RAMP did a great job of really illustrating the technical aspects of how to build something.

It was much more than just kind of like, hey, we built a great system. It was and here's how you can build it too. And so I resonated a lot with that, just with the problems that I was already seeing.

And I thought that looking around, I didn't really see anything in the open source community that kind of met this type of system. I There's a lot that run-in localhost, like Superset, Conductor, and many others, but nothing that was actually running in the cloud. And so I built it and I thought it was interesting to just open source it and allow anyone to then have a foundation that they can mix and match on top of.

So literally after DevIn was launched was there was OpenDebin Yeah. Which became all hands. I don't know if you tried that, Ord.

Yeah.

Speaker 2

was like, didn't try to go make it then something you you monetize. There are a lot of I think these open source projects would then go I mean, they try to like raise vSphere. That's why I went to OpenDebin.

Yeah. Yeah. And how did you think about that?

I thought that was very interesting.

Speaker 3

I thought and kind of just what I had seen across my clients was that having a background agent system is going to become a critical infrastructure within their company. And so because of that, I think that I wanted to open source it so that they could fork it and put in whatever customization they wanted. To that question that I get asked all like, oh, are you going to raise?

Are you going to turn this into a service? I'm sure you've gotten offers. But primarily, I don't want to do that for a few reasons.

One, I think that I don't want to compete for like $20 a seat. I think that that is just a really difficult business. I think it's very easy to copy the main pieces of it.

I mean, again, like I built this fairly quickly. And I think because you are not owning, I guess, the entire stack, it's hard to monetize. You have money being made at the sandbox layer with Daytona, E2B, many other players.

You have money being made at the model layer. And you kind of sit in this weird in between gray area where what are you actually selling? You're selling, I guess, the infrastructure.

You're selling the integrations, maybe?

Speaker 1

Let's ask the guy, what are you Well,

Speaker 2

yeah, there's multiple layers to this practice. And actually, it's funny you mentioned the infrastructure because when we got started building Devon as well, we had to go figure out how to make the infrastructure as well because You had to build this two years before everyone else, you know? Yeah.

Yeah. Exactly. I agree.

And Including, like, the Mortar's side. It was not very polished at the start. Like, when we just built it off of raw VMs from cloud providers like EC2, the boot up time was so slow, I think.

And especially the then, like, turning off the machines, saving them, and then be able to bring them back up again when you want Devon to wake up again later, it would just be out cold for ten minutes because that's just how long these systems took. They were not built for this repeated down and up usage. And so, we actually had to go do all of that.

And as a result now, one thing we offer when we go and sell Devon to people is you don't have to worry about all the compute side of things. We'll make it work. We'll make it work in your cloud if you wanted to.

Aside from the product and I want to go into the agents and tuning of the intelligence part later. But I think a big part of what we do at Cognition as well is to just make sure that your company learns and uses and adopts these coding agents because I think for especially the largest enterprises in the world, you find that there is a lot of people who want to move over to using AI for their day to day workloads. But because of the way projects are planned, because not everyone is literate in using AI in these ways, having a team of engineers who can actually go in and onboard you, set up all the integrations you need, the automations you need to really get to that level of, you know, leverage with AI is super helpful.

And so, we do that, we show up as thought partners to the customers that we work with as well. So, let's talk about architectural stuff.

Speaker 1

that is something that was the topic of conversation between the two of you. Is this sort of like the mental model that you wanna start with or something else? I you know, I'll just kind of leave the floor open to you guys.

Yeah. I think maybe we can start here. It's just kind of a a general, what are the pieces of a background agent system?

Yeah. And then maybe we can go into some of the nuances of Yeah. Decisions that you can make.

But I guess, like, also, like, what maybe what Walden is saying is is the agent is kind of, like, in this open code box, I guess. Right? Like, this is infra, and then there's that that's the agent.

And you had this discussion about whether you put the agent in here or in externally. Can you sort of tease that out? Yeah.

Speaker 3

In a background agent systems, you have a decision to make of where the agent is actually going to run. This is typically described as the harness in the box or out of the box. Yeah.

With running the agent in the box, you're making some trade offs by doing that. The negative trade off you're making is primarily security. Because the agent is running in that box, unless you otherwise design it, all of your secrets need to go into that box as well.

And given the nature of AI, it can be unpredictable, and you could very easily end up accidentally x filling your secrets or, you know, other kind of unintended behavior. Now, the out of the box is the idea that we are going to have the actual agent running not directly in the sandbox, and we'll have quote unquote the brain of the agent running in some type of worker control plane. That sandbox then is going to serve as the hands where the brain is basically operating and making tool calls into that environment to manipulate it.

I guess other trade off that you're making between the two systems is that, in my opinion, running it out of the box is much more complex. Because you have state that has to be managed. Whereas if you're running it in the box, all of the state of that agent is actually in the box.

And yes, it's you could persist it elsewhere, but it's all kind of localized and you have less concerns to worry about. I think a lot of that, what you mentioned, is why we actually, from the start, build Devin to what we called separate the brain from the machine.

Speaker 2

The other thing that this allows you to do is reuse any existing infrastructure you have for Dev Boxes, And so you don't have to worry as much about making a new type of Dev Box that has all the dependencies the brain needs, as you mentioned, the secrets the brain needs as well. Like, one thing that we've seen some customers run into is like, you have a GitHub app and you want Devin, your agent, whatever, be able to interact with GitHub through this application. But then you have different users with different actual permissions.

If they are all interacting through the same GitHub app and there's no actual separation between the system that decides what it does and the actual secrets on the machine, then you kind of run to an issue where, okay, it's hard to do the separation. But in practice with Devon, it's much easier because we just say whatever you put on the machine, that is like kind of the scope of basically what the user is free to do, what the agent is free to do. So only put the most scoped secrets on that machine.

And then the brain is fully not accessible from the machine. So you don't have to worry about messing with any of the most secure parts of the brain if the user is free to do whatever they want with the machine.

Speaker 1

where I don't know if this is, like, in the box, out of the box. That is something that they do use to describe it. And then also recently, Anthropic did, like, manage agents Mhmm.

Which is this is their thing. I don't know. It's all it's all variations of the same pattern.

Right? Oh, yeah. So this would be out of the box.

Yeah. Which, like, is is preferable for them because it's less work?

Speaker 3

I would say it's more work. It's more But it, in my opinion, it is the better architecture of the two. Okay.

It's just you're taking on a bit of complexity by doing that.

Speaker 2

a lot of other players do well is how do you manage what's actually on the box? And this can be complex for many reasons. Like, let's say you have a big repository that's changing and updating a lot with changing dependencies.

How do you make sure that the working environment of the agent actually stays up to date, has all the credentials it needs to, let's say, run the app and test it, all the things you want your autonomous So, it's repo setup. Yeah, exactly. So, internally, at Cognition, we call this repo setup.

The hardest part of it's been a perennial problem since the start of the company of how do we help people get this set up. Because not everyone just has, you know, working cloud environments, working out of the box. And do you find this to be a common problem with how you deal with your clients?

Yeah. This is a very common problem. And through my consulting, this is a lot of what I help teams do.

Speaker 3

A lot of teams don't really have great developer environment setups, if any. A lot of the times it's go talk to Bob and get the secrets. And that obviously doesn't work when the agent needs to actually set this up.

And so a lot of that most teams are using Docker Compose or some type of microservices. And so For it in prod? Not in prod.

Like, the OpenInspect, you are using this primarily to interact and make code changes. There is other use cases, but you can hook whether through CLI, MCPs, other tools. You can then hook that into your production systems primarily for SRE type use cases.

But you are not necessarily trying to test your prod internal microservice through the system. Yeah. And you mentioned Docker Compose.

Speaker 2

direction we saw some of our friends take early on was using Docker containers as a level of abstraction for their models. There's lots of reasons, I think, why Docker containers are not great. One thing is Docker containers are not really a true security boundary for one.

But the other is like, if you're running real applications, a lot of times those applications use Docker. And then you have to think about Docker and Docker, which is like really weird. And so, I think part of the really hard challenge of getting VMs to work, why did we do that?

Well, it was because we realized that you actually needed full VMs to be able to do these types of things. And especially nowadays where there's actually value in running the application and clicking around and sending you screen recordings of these things, the value just kind of keeps adding on top of that. But it is a decision I see people run into when they try to build their own systems is, oh, do we, like, addition to this, do we put the agent in the machine or out of the machine?

Do we use Docker? Do we use something else? What do you recommend people nowadays?

Speaker 3

I think Docker is a good solution for maybe not running the agent, but running your infrastructure. Because that is more or less the same setup your engineers are probably already using. If they're not, then I don't know what they're using.

Speaker 1

they're probably already using Docker Compose. Yeah. I I've always had a small candle for web containers.

I don't know if you guys have tried them before. Oh, yeah. To me, they were like supposed to be like Docker Lite.

I see. No. I haven't tried it.

Speaker 3

But yeah. I think any environment that you've set up that is a good experience for your developer naturally lends itself to being easy to set up for the agent. And once you figure out kind of that local developer story, you've kind of more or less solved the agent in a sandbox environment setup.

OpenInspect does have hooks as well where you can run a setup. Sh script that will pre install everything. You can then pre snapshot that build so it starts instantly.

And then there is a second hook to actually then restore the state of the sandbox when it comes back. And so you can already have all of those microservices running and basically get the same experience that you would on your machine within the sandbox.

Speaker 2

Another thing that we've been thinking a lot about is kind of like different VM service offerings. Have you had customers where they needed, like, macOS specific VMs or, like, Windows specific VMs? Not yet.

There are, like, many technologies in the world that only work on specific types of machines. Right? If you're building a dot net application, it has to run on Windows.

Or, like, you know, maybe more commonly if you wanna build iOS or macOS. Yeah. Does commission support choices like that?

The fundamental architecture we do, because we do the separation, it does support. But the actual work in progress is happening right now on these. Another thing that we've actually recently added support now for, it's in beta, is doing Android development.

To do that, we needed to support, I think, nested virtualization within our machines because the VM itself is virtualized Firecracker instance and then you have to then run another Android emulator inside. And, you know, there's like weird performance issues that like, you know which is why it's like still in beta. We have to think through these problems.

Speaker 1

But it unlocks a lot for anyone who wants to do Android development. I was trying to find out, like, a reference video for that testing thing. I couldn't find it.

But I I think you worked on the testing capability. Why call it testing and not, like, computer use or I don't know.

Speaker 2

Yeah. Idea of problem? Think that when people think about the ability of an AI to run your app and test it, I think they actually over index on the computer use part of it because computer use, in my mind, is the literal, okay, you want you know a button you wanna click.

Can you emit the right coordinates to go click that button? I think testing is actually a really interesting problem solving for these AIs because if you wanted to do arbitrary testing, like imagine you make a change that spans the front end and the back end, maybe even some other, like even more deeply nested service. To actually test that change, we have to reason through how do you first run these applications to all orchestrate with each other over the right version of the code, then, okay, how do I trigger the feature or how do I make the thing actually happen?

And this can kind of get arbitrarily hard. Like, maybe you have to be an admin, maybe a certain thing has to be feature flagged on, maybe you have to like run two sessions and then send us a very specific word into one of them to trigger a specific behavior. And figuring out how do you do that requires a lot of code based context, requires a lot of orchestration that we've specifically done.

And in some cases, found that you actually no one frontier model can actually do this full end to end task itself. We've seen cases where we actually had to orchestrate different frontier models together to kind of solve this problem together. That is where we spend most of our time when we think about this testing problem, not so much the computer use part.

Computer use, for what it's worth, has gotten a lot better with recent models and it's it's made that part of the job certainly easier.

Speaker 1

Yeah. Especially with, like, even 4.

Speaker 2

apparently, like, way better in terms of the division stuff, which is gonna be encompassing computer use. Having evals for all these as well is something that like takes a while to build up and having the evals be right is tricky as well.

Speaker 3

agents have to start standing up evals to make sure things don't regress? Not so much evals in the traditional sense, but specific to the testing part, that has just gone in. I just added support for screenshots.

And in theory, you can also do video. I need to put in a plug in to do that. But they do kind of show up natively and it was a very heavily requested feature, especially after Cursor's recording came out.

I think that was very enlightening for everyone of like, oh, this is a very good feature to actually have. I think with Devon, you guys have had this for a while. Yeah.

June 1. Yeah.

Speaker 1

Oh, yeah. I see how screenshots work. Yep.

Yeah. I I don't know if there's any anything super not obvious. It's it's kind of like once you know what prod feature to build, you can just kind of prompt it and know what Yeah.

Speaker 3

think to Walden's point though, the computer use is kind of a sub set of the larger testing problem. And I think that that's very specific to the code base that you're working in. It's not something that, you know, out of the box that you could just solve it.

You do need the code base context to actually know how to test it.

Speaker 1

that you know what is changing and could then inspect it and use that to drive the model. Yeah. Yeah.

For those who haven't seen it before, this is an example of how it works. Like, you after the PR is done, you click testing approved, and then it sends you back a video. What I really like is that it labels it's very small here, but it actually labels what it's testing.

And then you actually see the cursor and everything. So I don't know, yeah, the engineering in this, they just whatever you wanna show, because this is like, you know, this is one of those like, oh, feel the AGI moments, right? Because once I look at this, I actually don't need I wish I can just merge inside of Slack instead of going to GitHub because I don't need to see the code.

Know it works. Maybe a new feature. Yeah.

Speaker 2

Annotations at the bottom was also a big difference for me when I added those. Yeah. It's just like, what am I looking at?

What are you trying to Yeah. Exactly. There's a surprising long tail of small details that ends up making a big difference for this kind of end metric of like how fast do you actually merge the code in.

One experience that we spent a lot of time tuning early on was what is the right experience on GitHub for these tools? Sure. Because I think most tools out there, when you build the agent, you'll think about, oh, like, it will create the PR for you.

We try to take that a step further and say, oh, like, what if we actually made sure you could interact Devin with Devin directly on GitHub? And so we made sure that you can comment on GitHub and Devin would actually receive those comments and address them back. But there's actually quite a bit of tuning you have to do here because you can imagine that actually, like, we recently have dev review, for example.

Speaker 1

loopy. So, like, yeah, I like that it just updates here that it's that I have commented. But usually it's just me saying like, hey, merge fix any merge conflicts.

Yeah.

Speaker 2

So when Dan fixes its own comments, you might be scared that it'll look maybe I'll infinite loop, but we've put a lot of work into making sure it doesn't, both by making sure that the comments are high signal, but also that the agent is thoughtful about what comments that immediately goes and tries to fix and what comments is like, Wait a second, I think you're wrong. Actually, that's one of my favorite moments is when Devin tells me that I'm wrong when I try to get to do something different. Yeah.

But tuning that behavior, like, actually makes a big difference in terms of how you just will get up experiences.

Speaker 3

Yeah. Yeah. I think to touch on that as well, I think having the AI reviewer integrated into the system is a critical part of this background system.

OpenInspect does have that. It has a GitHub code reviewer that you can control the prompt. It does do comments as well.

It doesn't do them automatically yet. The capability is there, but it's not fully So guys ask for it? Oh, you do.

Yeah. You can tag it on GitHub and then whatever you named your GitHub bot, it will then follow-up on it. It will then if you have merge conflicts or whatever you have asked it to resolve, it will then resolve it.

But it doesn't do it automatically yet.

Speaker 2

most common thing that people end up requesting that they still need on top of OpenInspect when you help them go implement it?

Speaker 3

I think a lot of it comes down to actually integrating it into the company. It's one thing to kind of have the background agent system set up, but if it isn't actually integrated into your larger ecosystem, it isn't that useful. I mean, it is useful to be able to kick off sessions.

But what we really want to be able to do is hook it into all of our other systems, whether that is the production database with read only credentials, the logs, a confluence or internal knowledge based system. I think that is where I see the huge leap for companies. And that can be a challenge for companies as well who are maybe not familiar with exactly how to approach it.

Especially if they're in environments that have more compliance type things where access control can be pretty big. And how do you deliberately think about these problems? I find to be kind of one of the problems that comes with a system like this.

Yeah.

Speaker 2

thing we've found is so, like, MCPs, obviously, has been a really big explosion of, oh, you can go integrate it with all these different things. But to actually get the integration right and get the right experience, oftentimes, we found out we had to go build our own ad hoc things. Think Slack is a great example of Like, you could give your agent a Slack NCP and, okay, you can post messages back to you on Slack.

But we actually use Devin like a coworker in Slack and that's how it's been built from the ground up. But to do that, you actually need to support webhooks that come back, right? And then Devin has to respond in a natural way and then hopefully don't spam your threads too much and annoy the people in your company, so you gotta tune that experience just right.

Especially, there's a lot of back and forth.

Speaker 1

in these places. I just pulled out the MCP marketplace. I know this is a fair amount of work.

I I mean, is is the answer to eventually take first party control of all the top MCPs?

Speaker 2

you could have something that's more expressive than MCP. That kind of like goes both ways, like not just a set of tools but like a proper system that interacts back and lets it have the right experience with all these interfaces. So, there actually is sampling in the MCP spec but nobody Right?

Uses so, I think that's the other part is like actually we found that when the SAP spec starts to get too complicated, it starts to lose its original promise of being like a simple one step connect. Now then we have to go figure out how to support all these different variations of things and it starts to look a lot like just building their first party integrations in a lot of use cases now.

Speaker 3

Yeah. I think it matters too how critical it is to your company, right? If this is something that nearly every session is going through, it probably makes sense to own it so that you can make optimizations on top of it Yeah.

Versus just whatever is off the shelf. Yeah. Awesome.

Other MCPs, what else? Sorry.

Speaker 1

narrowing in too much on integrations. But what else? Like, what other elements of building OpenInspect or Devon that you guys really sync on?

Yeah. I think a problem that comes up very frequently is this idea of memories or knowledge base. Oh, boy.

Yes. How do you solve it?

Speaker 3

So not solved yet, is a short answer. Uh-huh. It's something there's a open issue for it, someone asking about it.

Speaker 1

Okay. There's I I d wiki hasn't indexed anything about memory yet.

Speaker 3

I'm seeing it solved across my clients is primarily through skills. I find that skills can be a good gap within that or updating CloudMD. But I think memory as a whole is a pretty unsolved problem, and it is why I've been kind of hesitant to add it.

Speaker 2

that can be addressed. But I think as a whole, it's a very difficult retrieval problem. Oh my god.

Yeah. Ramp didn't write anything about memory? I see zero search results.

Memory can be quite tricky to get right. Because it's the retrieval, but also the generation of the memory is that can be really tricky. Like, you don't want it to just Yeah.

Like, okay, whatever very specific data.

Speaker 1

because I know there's been a journey.

Speaker 2

The first version of memory that kind of like stuck around for a while was a system we have called Knowledge. Yeah. And the idea was we wanted it to pick up things over time and not need the user to be proactive about teaching Devin things.

So, anytime you remind Devin, wait, no, that's not quite the way you're supposed to use Git. Like, we actually want Devin to say, hey, do you want me to actually just remember this for the future and for you to just basically quickly approve or reject and for it to build up over time? Because I find that, like, 95%, I think, some crazy style like that of the memories that Devon has are all through these auto generated things.

Like, very few people actually just want to sit down and write big docs on, okay, here's how you're supposed to work with the technology, etcetera. The generation in the retrieval has been something that we've been trying to tune a lot over the years. Generation.

Like, you don't want it to remember something like like if you asked one time to like, oh, please open it as a draft PR. You don't want be like, oh, everyone forever now should get their PRs as draft PRs. But you do want some kind of common beer maybe you want to say.

Like, oh, Cole generally likes things to be created as draft PRs. Same with retrieval. Like, you know, if you have thousands of these memories, how do you actually make sure they're retrieved at the right time?

And that can be quite tricky to do right without exploding the context of a bunch of useless information.

Speaker 3

a reliable system as new models come and go. Yeah. Do you have anything that you could share around like memory pruning?

Speaker 1

Yeah. Then like kind of the temporal aspect of memory.

Speaker 2

Exactly. Yeah. Today, the so the things they could do is it could edit memories.

I see. And so if your memory used to say like, oh, Cole likes to open everything as like a draft PR, then you can imagine, no, don't do that. Then it'll say, oh, do you want me to update the memory to be COL now?

I want everything as, you know, open PRs. I think that at the same time, we don't know if this is gonna be the final version of the system. Whatever we have here will probably translate into the new system that we'll be coming up with.

But I think one big difference between two years ago and today is these agents are really good at using anything that resembles a file system natively. And so part of us is thinking, oh, should we rebuild memories to feel more like a file system that we let the agent navigate on its own? That's been an interesting exploration.

Speaker 1

Also, some ideas in in the skill space. I'm pulling up Open Claw's memory thing right now. So memory Open Claw has like this, like, daily memory journal thing.

Right? And you can I mean, that is a false system you can kind of grab through and is a source of truth? I don't know if it's the best.

It's probably super noisy. But at least if you lose something, you can discover it or you can apply some kind of forgetting algorithm to, like, more ancient memories that don't get recalled again or something.

Speaker 2

One thing we've been trying to do to push the boundaries of how you use agents at your company is letting an agent basically have a very similar file, like a memory. Md or something, and just kind of like be your permanent PM for a specific set of issues maybe. So, have like some Slack channels internally, maybe a Slack channel dedicated to a specific product like DeepWiki maybe.

And you can imagine that you want a Devon that never stops, it's just always awake, but it has this memory doc that it can just maintain for itself about, okay, what are the number one priorities of what we have to fix and prioritize? Who is responsible for some upcoming work? Maybe they'll even tag Devon will even tag you on some recurring basis.

Yeah. And so, it's been an interesting move to see, okay, how can we actually use Devon for more than just engineering? Can we actually upstream, above the engineering process?

And maybe it's just Devon creating tickets, which then maybe some humans do, but then maybe other Devons do. Yeah. One of my more fun automations is go research competitors and just suggest stuff to me on a weekly basis.

Speaker 1

That that's that's the automation. I can't find it right now. But basically, just like look at competitors and suggest things.

Sure. And here are three things that you suggested that I don't want anymore of, and you just kinda stick that in the prompt. But like Yeah.

I wish actually so for like when I for example, when I reject the PR, I I wish that it updated memory so that I can then just not have to go up, go back and update the scheduled sync, but they came out, feature request.

Speaker 2

You know, we might change it soon. I I guess OpenInspect, in the time you've been around, has there been anything you tried to implement, which then you had to like undo and like do a different way?

Speaker 3

Nothing yet, but something that is on my mind. The initial way that I built it was that each of the integrations kind of lives as its own package. And so you have the Slack bot, which is what's handling the webhooks, and then it's basically interacting with the control plane.

As I'm seeing the system starting to be more integrated, specifically with the GitHub bot integration, I'm considering bringing that all into the central control plane because especially now I want to start a request that I'm getting is the ability to monitor the actual, like, pull requests being merged as well as just kind of tracking of Like, what do I have open? Yeah. What do I have open?

How many of these are getting merged? How many comments are showing up? Yeah.

To just kind of understand the health of the system. And so in the case of a GitHub app, you only have one webhook. And so then it's a question of, do I put that webhook in that GitHub bot package?

That's kind of weird. It doesn't really make sense to live there because that package is more for the code reviewer. Or do I centralize it?

So that's something that's on my mind of making that decision. I think the other one we touched on earlier is the harness in the box versus out of the box. I think long term, the architecture will eventually come back out of the box.

Yeah. Some of the newer tools that I've added are calling back into the control plane so that you don't have the secrets in the sandbox. And so I think long term, I probably will pull the actual agent out of the box.

But I think for now, it's fun.

Speaker 1

a quick question on pulling the agent out of the box. I I one thing I'm very bullish on this year is agents calling other agents or spawning sub agents or whatever you wanna call it. Yeah.

Does that make it harder or easier? I can't tell. Because if the harness is in the box, you can spin on more boxes.

Yes. The harness is outside the box, then you're it's less easy because you are you have a, you know, a unicorn pet of of a of a harness that's like living outside the box. I mean, in theory, it would be the same way.

Right?

Speaker 3

one agent has launched many sub sessions within it. OpenInspect, for example, can launch sub sessions and actually create other environments and then monitor them. In the case where it is out of the box, that would basically just be an additional session that's running.

And so that session is also running outside of the box. It's running in your worker plane, wherever you're running this. And then you really just have to think about how does your top level agent then interact with it.

I do think it can be more complex just because, again, you have now a more difficult architecture.

Speaker 1

But I think if you figured it out once, it's probably fine. Yeah. Well, then I'm just throwing it open to you in terms of like I I call this kinda like meta devin management.

Yeah. Which is like the Devin's calling Devin's or Devin's scheduling Devin's or querying trajectories or anything like that, what have you built or unshipped anything?

Speaker 2

I think one of the surprising things we've seen is that a lot of the ways that these separate agents work with each other and you want them to paralyze their work has still mostly followed the same manager sub agents regime. And a lot of people, I think, are excited about this world where you have swarms of agents that kind of, you know, talk with each other all over the place. We've actually given Devon an MCP so they can just go arbitrarily message other Devons and create new Devons, etcetera.

But I guess it somehow creates a really chaotic world in that sense. And so we've still found that most practical use on a day to day basis has been one single event. Yeah.

Figuring out how to segregate the work and get have other devons work on it in, like, a relatively isolated sense, each with their own boxes Yeah. Not sharing machines. So there's, like, a very little room for conflict is kind of the regime that you have to create today.

Speaker 1

the experiments from Cursor. Right? This is Wilson Lin's work on single agent to multi agent.

Speaker 2

which is exactly what Devon has, I think. I think there will be a revision to that post at some point. Okay.

Tell us about it. Think multi agents were very much not at all possible a year ago. You do see more multi agent experiments today, but you can kind of argue, are they really multi agents or are they just kind of just like tool calls?

You know, like there are people who will create sub agents to go look for XYZ file or XYZ implementation. Has really nice context management benefits because all of the tool calls and tokens that it spends then get collapsed back to just the answer for the main agent. There's lot of benefits to doing this.

We basically have Devin do this with DeepWookie, make a call out to DeepWookie, give you back the results. But that feels like a tool call. You know?

It's not like these two collaborators actually talking back and forth with each other. But I think the thing that gives me the most bullishness that multi agents might actually be possible is actually what I said earlier about Devin will actually sometimes tell me I'm wrong and push back. And I think that demonstrates a level of maturity in communication today that makes a multi agent world possible.

Like, when can two agents who have seen different information come back to each other and actually figure out who is right, what what is the correct implementation? They're not just, you know, yes men. Claude, I guess, is like used to just say, like, you know, what is it?

You're you're right or You're absolutely right. You're absolutely right. Yeah.

Yeah.

Speaker 1

The have you seen Did you see the Codex app Troll and Tropic? This is the Codex app. Inside of settings, there's a little there's a little Easter egg.

Right? So if you go there, like, their their themes or appearance. Right?

There's all these, color codes and the top is absolutely and it's Anthropics colors, which is such a troll. Anyway. I love that Easter egg.

Did you discover that yourself? No. It was like someone someone was tweeting about it and I was like I was like, is this true?

Because like sometimes people just tweet stuff to get a rise out of you. But yeah. There you go.

In topic colors. Yeah. But, yeah, we're we're we're out of this regime where, you know, it just says you're absolutely right and they can have real conversations and real back and forths.

Yeah. You can prompt it as well to be more adversarial or whatever. Yeah.

Okay. Yeah. To me, that is more intelligence, right?

Like, that is not just something that's like a dumb tool, it's actually pushing back on you. Yeah. Like, yeah.

Speaker 2

fed a swarm of agents together and built a browser.

Speaker 1

Yeah. Yeah. That that was I think that was the one.

You can have like I think it's the same one. Yeah.

Speaker 2

We found a surprising success of like, don't do a swarm or anything. Just have one dev in, you know, it does its own context management. Just let it keep running for a while and give it some crazy tasks.

I think we asked it to rebuild a Windows OS system. Yes. And it managed to do it, just like, you know, going on for long enough.

Was this Andrew's thing? Yeah, yeah. Okay.

There were lots of demos that we ended up not posting because at some point we'd just be posting way too much a bunch of end of demos. But I love that because it kind of shows that I think the multi agent thing it still has like a bit of exciting sexiness to it, which is maybe still beyond still like the actual delta it adds to the capabilities of these systems. But it's absolutely the future.

I think we're, you know, we're heading that direction and we can see the progress being made there already. Yeah.

Speaker 1

make one super minor pushback because I don't feel that confident about it yet, but I've I've had Ryan LoPopulo from OpenAI on on the pod and he's a super slob canon. Right? Oh my god.

That's my coding agent being done. I I I downloaded this like Peon Ping. I don't know if you guys have heard this.

It it takes like sound packs from popular games like Command and Conquer and like Warcraft and then it plays it whenever it's done. Like work, work or whatever, like at your commands or something. Anyway, what I got from from the cursor code base and from from Ryan's thing was that there's a slot canon approach where you try to loosen the single agent's bottleneck.

And I feel like that is, like, probably a very important thing to try to figure out. I don't think anyone's, like, really solved it because then you just have more reviewer stop on top of the agent stop to to try to wrangle it all. Ryan will probably very strongly object that I I say that he hasn't solved it, but he thinks he's he thinks he's completely solved it.

But, like, I think it's still I think it's, like, very important because, like, that is a bottleneck. Right? I I feel Devin is slow sometimes because I'm like, well, yeah, this is very readable and very sensible, but also it is slower than it could be if I just like I want a button to just say, like, just ramp this up 1000x parallel in parallel and just like see what happens, you know?

And like, I don't know if that's like it's feasible at some point in the future.

Speaker 2

Yeah. We've also run experiments internally where we've basically tried to build entire products, like true products that we knew we would eventually ship, but for now let's try to see if we can do it just by purely vibe coding on top of each other, auto merge, no code review at all. And then there's this kind of benchmark of how many weeks can you go onto this for before you say we have to trash this codebase.

Actually, reread it from Star Trek. Yeah. Did you find?

I think we found that the state of the art in December was you could probably run this for about two weeks. By the end of those two weeks, you'd find that, hey, you want to change the color of a button? Well, it turns out this button is implemented in 10 different places and they have all these different variations and, oh, you forgot one of them and actually it's a slightly different color, one spline.

Okay, this is too much to work with. Let's actually try to do code review at the same time and make sure that we're on top of our stuff, we're actually cleaning it up a bit and making sure it's done in a scalable way. Yeah.

Speaker 3

the idea of like you don't have to look at code, I think is generally a bad idea.

Speaker 2

And the the meme that I have for What timeline? Alright. Is is do you think that statement will be true on?

Speaker 3

I think probably for a while, it'll be true that you should continue to look at your code. A problem that I see a lot of teams run into that I work with who are embracing kind of AI native, AI first coding is the meme that I have is that your code base regresses to your worst engineer. Because that engineer who is very gung ho about AI and is not auditing their code, their pattern starts cementing into the code.

And now the AI is referencing their patterns. And so now their if else block that, you know, is 20 if else's back and forth. The AI is seeing that as the pattern of how things are done and starts to then exponentially grow the slop.

And I find to your point a pretty good approach to that is having scheduled cleanup, whether by humans or through systems that are looking for duplication. They then address that. You'll end up with 12 helpers for how to format a date.

And you need to address that because otherwise it will continue to sprawl.

Speaker 1

Within bounds, think it it's fine to have some duplication and then sometimes you have a garbage collection. Right? Yeah.

The the what I've been talking about with a lot of engineering leaders is that you want to be very strict about the boundaries between modules. And it's your job as an architect, as a CTO, whatever, to say like, okay, here's the hard contract between you guys and you guys, whatever you do inside this black box is your business, you do whatever, but like between these guys, let's be like really damn clear, and any movement must be signed off by a human or me, you know, then and like that's that. I don't know if you have any other modifications or advice.

Speaker 2

Well, guess, generally on the topic of like where humans can be useful, I found that some of these like really deep infra problems, sometimes just having a heroine that just has really deep expertise can make a big difference. I've actually seen this come into play when actually building agents. So, we've had a few friends now try building their own coding agents and I think one same problem that I recurrently heard a lot of them run into was this problem of like, Oh, GREP is really slow on our agents' machines.

And so, a lot of them, I assume because they're using AI and they themselves don't have super deep infra background knowledge, say, okay, we're gonna go build our own custom Grep Index, it's gonna be really fast, and use that as a way around this problem. When we ran into this problem about, like, know, maybe a year and a half ago when we were in the early days of building Devon, We obviously didn't have AI, we just asked how to do this. You could just slap off a new grep index.

What do you mean you hand coded Devin? What? Yeah.

Can you believe we hand wrote this code? And we had our info people who are really amazing, they were looking into it and they're like, Oh, you know what? We realized that actually the root cause of this problem is actually super simple but fine grained detail, which is that a lot of these virtual machines, actually underlying them don't use real file systems, they use these network file systems where things are actually cached over the network actually in S3.

So, when you're grepping, you're actually making network calls every time you're doing these things. That's why grep is extremely slow on these machines. And so, again, it goes back to, you know, what is all of the crazy info work that we had to do to actually get these machines working.

If you try to do this yourself, you know, there are tons of small details like this. And so we had to eventually go swap out that network file system. Yeah, I think there's a write up about it, right?

So I listed one about the virtual Oh, that was a whole other thing. That's a different thing. The block diff file storage format.

Yeah, yeah, I'll bring it Which is a file system format that we built so that the VMs could be spun up and down very quickly. Basically, the intuition behind this is imagine you have a terabyte of disk and your agent only wrote 100 lines of code on top of that disk. How long does it take to save and bring up that disk?

And most systems, because you're not optimizing for this case, it's just on the order of a terabyte of work because you have to save all of that and bring it back up. In our system, we try to build a file system that incrementally builds on top of each other. So, every time you save and bring the machine back up, you're only doing work that is proportional to effectively the diff in the file system.

Yeah. And so, this shaves off a lot of time in the boot up process of Devon. I think this is actually now outdated.

We have a newer system inside of Devon. But, yeah, there's a lot of tiny details you have to get right here to actually get the day to day experience of Devon to be good. It's like not technically agents, but it is agent infra.

And when you sell an agent as a company, you sell agent plus agent infra. Yeah. At least the way we do it and the other the nice thing about having the agent infra being done together is, you know, you we kind of get to deploy Devon in whatever environment we want now.

We don't need to wait for some underlying infra provider to also go and support VPC or on prem or Fed GovCloud, for instance. So we can actually go and out, okay, since we're on the infrastructure, how can we get that set up for you?

Speaker 1

Yeah. Whereas you're Cloudflare dependent.

Speaker 3

So Cloudflare runs the control plane. The sandbox is modal supported. Contributor just added Daytona.

E2B is on the roadmap. And I think there's an abstraction in place that if any contributor wants to add a new provider, they can add that in. Yeah.

Amazing.

Speaker 2

Well, what are like how are the customers you work with, do they generally try to then go set up a contract with another one of these third party providers? Do they try to do the VMs in house?

Speaker 3

Most of them I see using Modal. Think Modal has a Shout great Modal. Think Modal has a great offering.

Captures all of the sandbox pieces you need, snapshots being a pretty big piece of that. And given that they also offer GPUs, I think it's a pretty nice offering as a whole. Yeah.

Speaker 1

debate there.

Speaker 2

Modal is great. Especially, I think the the container offering is like the most natural. And so especially if you are willing to, you know, forgo like the full VM requirements, modal is like a really vast place you can kind of spin something up on.

Yeah. Is there a point so models vary Python.

Speaker 1

And I feel like most workload, like, has really shifted to JavaScript. I don't know if you guys get the same feeling. Like, so so okay.

When I started Lanespace and AIE and all these things, was like fifty fifty Python and JS. Right? Like, that's roughly.

I think that's wrong now. I think JS is one. I don't know if you guys maybe I'm overstating it and maybe for cognition, there's like C and Java and what have you.

But for new greenfield apps, Do you feel that do you get that sense? Does it matter?

Speaker 3

I think that most of the libraries that I see in this space are Python native first, especially in the observability space. Okay. That said, I think that there is a pretty big appeal of having your entire system in one language.

Yeah.

Speaker 1

you can have one central type Yeah. Which is very nice. Yeah.

That's my case against model. Or it's just Yeah. Then you have to run I mean, you can run JS inside model.

It's just like one extra step that, like, isn't native to the runtime.

Speaker 2

I don't know if Yeah. I don't know. You have numbers?

I don't know. The the one thing I don't like about Python is whenever an AI, whenever it's Python, it always does like, the weirdest patterns. Oh, because it's, like, mixing two and three or what?

Yeah. Think it's it's something mixing two and three. Yeah.

Like, the I don't know if you see this. It always tries to do, like, has attribute on objects. It's like Yeah.

Oh, my god. But it's like Sure.

Speaker 3

You shouldn't be doing that. Like, it should error if Because it's training on library code? I think it's more of, like, from what I've seen, it's more of, like, a reward hacking mechanism where it doesn't want to No, never error.

Yeah. It doesn't want the code to fail. And so it even when it knows it has the attribute, it'll call getAtr on it.

And for a lot of my clients who have moved towards more kind of autonomous coding, we've put that in as a lint rule. Yeah.

Speaker 1

your pull request is going to fail. Oh, this is a fun topic. Can you tell me more like this?

Speaker 2

coding that you have to put guards in? So we were talking just before this about OPUS 4.7.

One of the things this new model likes to do is it writes lots of comments. Not like it'll comment on every line, but it'll write paragraph PRDs on top of every function.

Speaker 1

But I will say,

Speaker 2

to its credit, these aren't slop descriptions like they were before. Like, Oh, here's what this function does. It's like, Oh, here's actually the reasoning and why we chose this approach and what the alternatives were and why we shouldn't do those alternatives.

Still too much information. But I wonder if this actually might be directionally correct if you want systems that can self maintain themselves in the long run. Like write the specs in All the context in the code as well, yeah.

So you approve? I but at the same time, it's this tricky problem. Like, maybe we'll just give our users a setting or something for how verbose you want it to be.

I haven't loved it. I like the comment, please, like, get rid of it. You know?

Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.

But I I could see a world where maybe something of the sort becomes reality. Don't know if you guys know about Git AI. Yes.

Yeah. We've talked about it. Yeah.

Git AI, the idea behind it if you run an agent, the actual prompts you send to the agent should be stored alongside the code inside the Git metadata so that future agents can reference it, maybe code review bots can reference it. And it's kind of an ideal world where, you know, your context for why decisions are made constantly lives beside your code. And so it's like maybe a more hidden version of this, like, right massive PRDs for every comment sort of approach.

Yeah.

Speaker 1

bull case where we just get rid of git altogether. I when I'm not I'm not there yet, but I'm looking for it because that will be a big shift.

Speaker 3

Kind of on the topic of, like, visible slop, a pattern that I see a lot across GPT models specifically, is backwards compatibility at all costs. Loves. Where it's doing these weird import exports so that it doesn't have to modify the names of where the modules were.

And I've seen Claude 4.6 starting to do this as well. Oh, no.

And again, I think it kind of is this like reward hacking behavior where it doesn't want failure to occur. And you can address that through like SemGrep or other tools where that behavior is pretty easy to identify. But it's something that you kind of only learn through the trade of just seeing code patterns.

Untyped tuples are really big problem of just like, again, just throw any in there, like, dict string any. And again, you can address those through linting.

Speaker 1

Awesome. Yeah. Any other so like, linting, any other tools, dev and review, of course.

Speaker 2

still use it. The one thing that I think we try to recommend teams as they use more AI agents, it goes back to this local testing thing. In the end of the day, you want your agent to be able do the full thing, not just write the code but actually run it and test it.

And a lot of code bases were not necessarily built for this from the start. For example, you probably do want a local DB setup and local Docker Compose and Postgres in order to have it so that you don't need to give your agent any crazy prod credentials to actually run and test its code. We've also internally done a big shift to make a lot of our core components of code testable as purely local dev without needing to actually integrate with any live services for this reason.

And honestly, the older the company, the more you have to change to shift in this direction.

Speaker 1

But, you know, you can use AI to help you perform this migration to The older the company, the more you have to change in order to do local dev? I think so. Am I misunderstanding?

So you say most people just build with full integration to all their stuff and there's no code path to switch it to local?

Speaker 2

making that shift the larger the code base, the harder it is. I guess if you did build it correctly from the very start, I think it'd be possible. But also, there are a lot of companies in the world that got started before Docker was the thing.

And so Yeah, yeah, yeah. You're kind of forced to make a migration at some point. Well, Devin's good very good at making mock servers.

Speaker 1

Yes. Right? So and no.

The one of the projects that I really wanted it's like like it's like Little Snitch. I don't know if you guys have heard of There's I run Little Snitch on my computer. There's like a man in the middle, but it it like shows you all the traffic going back and forth.

Yep. But then from there, you can sort of reconstruct the server. Right?

And then and then they create local mocks, so you can local mocks everything if you just observe traffic for a little bit. Yep. That's an interesting idea.

Cool. I I I don't know if this will get anywhere, but I wanted to maybe talk a little bit about the Cloud Code leak because usually if I have an Anthropic person on, I can't talk about the Cloud Code leak. Did you guys learn anything from Cloud Code?

Speaker 2

Alright. So so if I say, RT was not that Yeah. Interested in Yeah.

Yeah. The leak. We didn't spend that much time on it.

Speaker 1

for No. I didn't really research too much into it. Fair enough.

Okay. One more last thing before we go. Wizard two point o, you guys shipped another thing.

So Yeah. The sort of meta context is you use background agents enough, sometimes you're gonna want to bring them to foreground. And like that that little like hand off from local to cloud is hard to work on.

And then and Devin has or Cognition has just done it. Yeah.

Speaker 2

gap this is trying to close is, again, how do you make the testing process as fast as possible? When it can test on its own and send you a video, it's freaking magical. Sometimes there are just really difficult things you can that you do just need to like pull down locally to test.

And, you know, we just want Windsurf to just kind of be your like local command center of all your agents. Like, your your background ones, your local ones, and you can imagine, oh, okay, this agent needs me to review something, I'll pull that down, move my other agents to the background, go test it. Okay.

Boom. Done. Onto the next one.

Right? You have some issue you gotta fix in the background, just click, like, approve. Okay.

Set up start a background agent to go fix it. I'd love a world where I'd have to leave this window. You know, then maybe the other window I gotta figure out how to stop spending so much time in Slack, but maybe, you know, someday I'll wanna get those too as well.

Yeah.

Speaker 1

does that require the binaries to be exactly the same for local versus cloud?

Speaker 2

So, the funny thing here is that the behavior between local agents and cloud agents, I think, is actually a bit different in their I ideal think local agents, you want them to be a bit more fast and let the user make the call on things, actually don't try to autonomously go test things. The background agent mode where you go start it off, I think the agent should just assume the next message I send the user should just have everything that the user needs from me And not run and stop keep running and don't stop until you have the testing. Okay.

So that's just a slightly different prompt. Yes. But for many reasons, because of all the work we do to make sure that Devon works with different Git providers, that it works with different OSs and VMs, we want as much of that logic to be shared as possible.

So for our own practical purposes, we try to share as much of it as possible. Yeah. Yeah.

I mean, I can't imagine how much work it is to transition back and forth. Congrats on shipping this.

Speaker 1

you. Okay. Anything else that we should cover before we wrap?

Just whatever you guys were talking about in your lunch.

Speaker 2

Maybe use cases. What do you find to be the biggest things that your clients are trying to do with their cloud agents today?

Speaker 3

Do you wanna just ask it again so we can get like a clean-cut?

Speaker 2

Yeah. Yeah. Was drinking his water.

Yeah. Yeah. The thing I wanted to talk about was use cases.

What do you think are the main things that your clients come to you today about, hey, this is why we want to go set up Cloud Agents?

Speaker 3

Yeah. I think the easiest and most common use case I see across everyone is SRE use cases. The idea that whether we have our alerts in Slack or Datadog or wherever they're going, we want the agent to be the first responder on that.

And that doesn't necessarily mean that the agent is actually resolving the issue. But just being able to collect that context ahead of time is huge. Because again, that agent is integrated into the production logs, the database.

It has full visibility and over time playbooks as well for how to address certain issues. And so that's a huge win for Teams because instantly you can have a full trajectory of what is going on within the system. And oftentimes actually a pull request directly from that, which is a pretty neat flow to actually experience of like error pull request done.

OpenInspect does support a trigger for that as well. So that could happen completely autonomously. From Datadog specifically or just Oh, it supports Sentry.

It supports a generic webhook. And if someone wants to add Datadog, they can. Yeah.

The other use cases that I see are for kind of non builder use cases. Whether that's the PM or the marketing team. I'm seeing a lot of teams where the idea of who's actually contributing code is starting to change.

And in a lot of cases, the PM, if there's just a quick bug fix, the PM is not creating an issue anymore. The PM is just prompting through Slack and the pull request is then being created. And so I think that that's a huge win.

I think that that trend will continue where we're seeing code modifications happening outside of engineering. The last common use case that I see is customer support. And so where they're experiencing an issue with a customer, they're not entirely sure why this behavior is happening.

Previously, that world was, hey, there's a bug when they tried to use this feature. We don't know what's going on. Well, they're now tagging that in Slack.

Again, that entire full context is ready. They can then just tag in engineering and have a complete understanding of that issue and completely bypass kind of the the previous pain points of, Oh, can you get more information from them?

Speaker 2

The only things I'd add on top of that, I think I've seen is continual security scanning, continual security review is a very big one as well. The SRE use case, internally we think about it as auto triage because we just want every message that comes in and that's an alert, that's a bug report, to have Devon just start triaging it before anything else. And we've leaned into this use case so much though that we've basically tried to make it so that you don't ever have to leave Slack to interact with this.

So again, making the interactions with Devin super fluid from the moment the report comes in to it responds to a report and be able to ask questions right there with full care based context about all the issues. Very related to customer support as well. I think one thing that we found is CLIs can sometimes be very difficult for people who aren't technical to go and use.

But, you know, an online chat interface that anyone can go and ask questions and is super intuitive and doesn't assume you have any technical knowledge but does have access to all parts of your codebase. Super useful for support, for salespeople, anyone who might need to have their questions answered about the codebase. So that's a great call out.

Speaker 1

use case. Is there a rule of thumb on how much people should spend on this? Cause you have unlimited budget, but other people don't.

You know? I don't know if this is an answerable question because obviously it depends on a lot of factors.

Speaker 3

But I was like I think it depends really on how people are using it. I think Yeah. If people are using it responsibly and they're getting value from it, then, you know, you can kinda determine the budget.

Common numbers that I hear are anywhere from 1,000 an engineer up to 5,000 an engineer. Yeah. I have not heard anywhere in the realm of like 50,000 in engineer, for a frame of reference.

We'll get there. Yeah.

Speaker 2

go that high for sure. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I think that this is also, I think, going to be a big theme of the coming year is we're going to see very expensive, very smart Frontier models.

And we're also going to see people who say, you know what? I don't need the Frontier anymore for a lot of the work I do. Because some Frontier models actually are good enough for a lot of the work.

Also, Shada, you'll pioneer SmartFriend, which is a mix. I'm really interested in a world where you basically have hybrid frontier and sub frontier systems where you use sub frontier parts to be really, really fast, really efficient, and call out to the frontier part of the system so that you can still get frontier performance for the most part.

Speaker 1

Yeah. I'm trying to search, but Twitter search is like completely broken. I it's like the the from field is just completely gone.

It's very sad Yeah. Because I I really No worries. I I I might have to make a a new post at some point about the the return of Smart Friend.

Yeah. Yeah. I mean, Anthropic has now officially adopted it.

Yes. Okay. Cool.

I think that's it. Like, it's really great discussion and good great having you guys on background agents are, I think, now. And everyone's building them.

We that we talked a lot about, like, the the production concerns and, like, why you would want to offer one architecture over the other.

Speaker 2

Lots to look forward to. Yeah. There's a real zeitgeist in the space right now, I think, for companies to want to turn themselves into these autonomous coding factories.

And, yeah, we're doing a lot to try to support that. And so, know, any listeners are welcome to to come chat to us about that, whether using Devon or, you know, working with us. Yeah.

Hiring? Yes. Of course.

Speaker 1

you know, just like give give like one profile that's like very interesting.

Speaker 2

I think people underestimate the the role of like really high taste product engineers

Speaker 3

k. In this space right now. Yeah.

And the test is like, what have you shipped end to end that is Yeah. A tasteful product. If you've shipped stuff that you think is tasteful and you're and you're proud of, you know, you should you should come talk to us.

Yeah. For me, any businesses that are looking to further their engineering org, a lot of the consulting I do is around that. Teams who are maybe starting their AI journey, whether that's with Cursor or Cloud Code.

But they're looking for someone to kind of help navigate them through the state of the art and beyond just that initial deployment. As mentioned, there's a lot of lift from you've deployed the background agent to how do we actually get this fully integrated into the company and really realizing the true value of that. Yeah.

Okay. Well, thanks you guys for coming on. Cool.

Thanks for having us. Yeah. Thank you.

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